In win10's Settings -> Accounts you can set whether you want to log in using your Microsoft account or a local account that isn't linked to Microsoft, and you should have that choice on the lock screen as well. When you sign in using the Microsoft account Everything pretty much signs in to Microsoft's servers -- your OneDrive account, if you have Office 365 that account will sign in, if you click Manage my Microsoft account on that Settings account page it'll open the default browser already signed into your account, if you take part in Microsoft Rewards, added rewards for stuff like searching with Bing will automatically go to your account and so on. It is still possible to sign into another Microsoft account using a web browser or connect to another OneDrive account while you're signed into the Microsoft account you've associated with Windows. And if you log in to Windows using a Local account, you'll have to sign into things manually as wanted/needed. On the left of Settings -> Accounts are the different sub headings to do stuff like control just what syncs between accounts. RE: Syncing between accounts -- at some point the new Edge will sync bookmarks & more between devices using the same account.
When you click Manage my Microsoft account the page that opens lets you see what devices are associated with that account and make some changes, clear some stored history & so on. A couple of semi-related articles that *might* interest you --
windowscentral[.]com/how-add-your-full-name-local-account-windows-10
windowscentral[.]com/how-change-account-name-windows-10-sign-screen
I was NOT happy.
Absolutely no reason for you to be. I was furious when they started tying accounts to copies of Windows when win8 came out -- I guess I'm just all furioused out. One way I cope is that I've got a bunch of Microsoft accounts. **Maybe** interesting trivia, I've got more than one copy of win10 on this PC, e.g. I have a base copy I use instead of a bootable USB stick that I use to backup/restore a main copy. It's self-activated because the main copy was activated with a key. Both use different Microsoft accounts. Microsoft could of course connect the two accounts -- they obviously have the data, what with the hardware IDs collected for Windows activation -- but it's not in their best interest to do so, since that's one way they inflate the number of active Windows 10 users.